5/13/2020

OWASP ZAP RELEASES V2.8.0 WITH THE HEADS UP DISPLAY

OWASP ZAP RELEASES V2.8.0 WITH THE HEADS UP DISPLAY
Heads Up Display simplifies and improves vulnerability testing for developers

London, England, 20 June 2019. OWASP™ ZAP (Open Web Application Security Project™  Zed Attack Proxy) has released a new version of its leading ZAP Project which now includes an innovative Heads Up Display (HUD) bringing security information and functionality right into the browser. Now software developers can interactively test the reliability and security of their applications in real time while controlling a wide variety of features designed to test the quality of their software.

ZAP is a free, easy to use integrated penetration testing tool. With the addition of the Heads Up Display, ZAP can be used by security professionals and developers of all skill levels to quickly and more easily find security vulnerabilities in their applications. Given the unique and integrated design of the Heads Up Display, developers and functional testers who might be new to security testing will find ZAP an indispensable tool to build secure software.

The latest version of ZAP can be downloaded from https://www.owasp.org/index.php/ZAP  The full release notes are available at https://github.com/zaproxy/zap-core-help/wiki/HelpReleases2_8_0.

In addition to being the most popular free and open source security tools available, ZAP is also one of the most active with hundreds of volunteers around the globe continually improving and enhancing its features. ZAP provides automated scanners as well as a set of tools that allows new users and security professionals to manually identify security vulnerabilities. ZAP has also been translated into over 25 languages including French, Italian, Dutch, Turkish and Chinese. 

Simon Bennetts, OWASP ZAP Project Leader commented: "This is a really important release for the project team and developers who want to build great and secure applications. The HUD is a completely new interface for ZAP and one that is unique in the industry. It shows that open source projects continue to create high-quality, new and exciting tools that deliver real value to the market - and at no cost to users." 

"ZAP is the Foundation's most popular software tool," said Mike McCamon interim executive director of the OWASP Foundation. McCamon continued, "For nearly two decades OWASP continues to be a great destination for innovators to host, develop, and release software that will secure the web. Simon and the entire ZAP community deserves great recognition for their continued devotion to open source excellence."

For further information please contact:
Simon Bennetts, OWASP ZAP Project Leader: simon.bennetts@owasp.org  or Mike McCamon, Interim Executive Director, mike.mccamon@owasp.com
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inBINcible Writeup - Golang Binary Reversing

This file is an 32bits elf binary, compiled from go language (i guess ... coded by @nibble_ds ;)
The binary has some debugging symbols, which is very helpful to locate the functions and api calls.

GO source functions:
-  main.main
-  main.function.001

If the binary is executed with no params, it prints "Nope!", the bad guy message.

~/ncn$ ./inbincible 
Nope!

Decompiling the main.main function I saw two things:

1. The Argument validation: Only one 16 bytes long argument is needed, otherwise the execution is finished.

2. The key IF, the decision to dexor and print byte by byte the "Nope!" string OR dexor and print "Yeah!"


The incoming channel will determine the final message.


Dexor and print each byte of the "Nope!" message.


This IF, checks 16 times if the go channel reception value is 0x01, in this case the app show the "Yeah!" message.

Go channels are a kind of thread-safe queue, a channel_send is like a push, and channel_receive is like a pop.

If we fake this IF the 16 times, we got the "Yeah!" message:

(gdb) b *0x8049118
(gdb) commands
>set {char *}0xf7edeef3 = 0x01
>c
>end

(gdb) r 1234567890123456
tarting program: /home/sha0/ncn/inbincible 1234567890123456
...
Yeah!


Ok, but the problem is not in main.main, is main.function.001 who must sent the 0x01 via channel.
This function xors byte by byte the input "1234567890123456" with a byte array xor key, and is compared with another byte array.

=> 0x8049456:       xor    %ebp,%ecx
This xor,  encode the argument with a key byte by byte

The xor key can be dumped from memory but I prefer to use this macro:

(gdb) b *0x8049456
(gdb) commands
>i r  ecx
>c
>end
(gdb) c

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x12 18

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x45 69

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x33 51

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x87 135

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x65 101

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x12 18

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x45 69

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x33 51

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x87 135

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x65 101

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x12 18

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x45 69

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x33 51

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x87 135

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x65 101

Breakpoint 2, 0x08049456 in main.func ()
ecx            0x12 18

The result of the xor will compared with another array byte,  each byte matched, a 0x01 will be sent.

The cmp of the xored argument byte,
will determine if the channel send 0 or 1


(gdb) b *0x0804946a
(gdb) commands
>i r al
>c
>end

At this point we have the byte array used to xor the argument, and the byte array to be compared with, if we provide an input that xored with the first byte array gets the second byte array, the code will send 0x01 by the channel the 16 times.


Now web have:

xorKey=[0x12,0x45,0x33,0x87,0x65,0x12,0x45,0x33,0x87,0x65,0x12,0x45,0x33,0x87,0x65,0x12]

mustGive=[0x55,0x75,0x44,0xb6,0x0b,0x33,0x06,0x03,0xe9,0x02,0x60,0x71,0x47,0xb2,0x44,0x33]


Xor is reversible, then we can get the input needed to dexor to the expected values in order to send 0x1 bytes through the go channel.

>>> x=''
>>> for i in range(len(xorKey)):
...     x+= chr(xorKey[i] ^ mustGive[i])
... 
>>> print x

G0w1n!C0ngr4t5!!


And that's the key :) let's try it:

~/ncn$ ./inbincible 'G0w1n!C0ngr4t5!!'
Yeah!

Got it!! thanx @nibble_ds for this funny crackme, programmed in the great go language. I'm also a golang lover.


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Theharvester: Email Harvesting Throughout Year




You might have harvested many things upto now but what we are going to harvest today is something bad :)



Requirements:

  1. A Linux box (I'm using Kali Linux)
  2. theharvester program (already available in Kali Linux)
So what does theharvester harvest? Well it harvests email addresses. theharvester is an Information gathering tool. If you want a list of emails to spam you can get that easily from theharvester tool and go on Spamming (I'm joking its illegal). It's a security tool that helps you in pentesting an organization (as always it can be used for evil as well). You can gather emails from an organization and look for potential victims to attack or use brute-force techniques to get their passwords or Social Engineer them into doing something that will let you compromise some or all systems in the organization. Uhh there are so many things that you can do when you have access to someone's email address.

OK stop talking and start doing.


Fire up a terminal in your kali box and type this command:


theharvester -d hotmail.com -l 50 -b google


In a small amount of time you'll see your terminal flooded with 200 hotmail.com email address. What does this command mean?


theharvester is the tool name that we are using

-d <domain_name> specifies the domain (or website) who's email addresses we're looking for, in our case it was hotmail.com
-l <number> specifies the number of results that we want in the output, I limited it to 50
-b <source> specifies the source on which to look for email addresses, I specified google as the source

Besides google we can specify any of the follow as source:

google, googleCSE, bing, bingapi, pgp, linkedin, google-profiles, people123, jigsaw, twitter, googleplus, all
Here the last entry all means look in every available source.

Let's say you wanted to look in every available source they you should specify the following command:


theharvester -d hotmail.com -b all




-f is another great flag which can be utilized to save the output in case we want to SPAM them later (just kidding) or for other reasons (I'm thinking positive). -f flag saves the result in html or xml format. Let's do just that:


theharvester -d gmail.com -l 50 -b google -f emailaddresses.html


here -f flag is followed by the location where we want to store the file and the name of file, in our case we stored it in our pwd (present working directory) with the name emailaddresses.html.




Above picture shows an html output generated by harvester.


That's it for this tutorial hope to see you next time!

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WPSeku V0.4 - Wordpress Security Scanner



WPSeku is a black box WordPress vulnerability scanner that can be used to scan remote WordPress installations to find security issues.

Installation
$ git clone https://github.com/m4ll0k/WPSeku.git wpseku
$ cd wpseku
$ pip3 install -r requirements.txt
$ python3 wpseku.py

Usage

Generic Scan
python3 wpseku.py --url https://www.xxxxxxx.com --verbose

  • Output
----------------------------------------
_ _ _ ___ ___ ___| |_ _ _
| | | | . |_ -| -_| '_| | |
|_____| _|___|___|_,_|___|
|_| v0.4.0

WPSeku - Wordpress Security Scanner
by Momo Outaadi (m4ll0k)
----------------------------------------

[ + ] Target: https://www.xxxxxxx.com
[ + ] Starting: 02:38:51

[ + ] Server: Apache
[ + ] Uncommon header "X-Pingback" found, with contents: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/xmlrpc.php
[ i ] Checking Full Path Disclosure...
[ + ] Full Path Disclosure: /home/ehc/public_html/wp-includes/rss-functions.php
[ i ] Checking wp-config backup file...
[ + ] wp-config.php available at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/wp-config.php
[ i ] Checking common files...
[ + ] robots.txt file was found at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/robots.txt
[ + ] xmlrpc.php file was found at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/xmlrpc.php
[ + ] readme.html file was found at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/readme.html
[ i ] Checking directory listing...
[ + ] Dir "/wp-admin/css" listing enable at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/wp-admin/css/
[ + ] Dir "/wp-admin/images" listing enable at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/wp-admin/images/
[ + ] Dir "/wp-admin/includes" listing enable at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/wp-admin/includes/
[ + ] Dir "/wp-admin/js" listing enable at: https://www.xxxxxxx.com/wp-admin/js/
......

Bruteforce Login
python3 wpseku.py --url https://www.xxxxxxx.com --brute --user test --wordlist wl.txt --verbose

  • Output
----------------------------------------
_ _ _ ___ ___ ___| |_ _ _
| | | | . |_ -| -_| '_| | |
|_____| _|___|___|_,_|___|
|_| v0.4.0

WPSeku - Wordpress Security Scanner
by Momo Outaadi (m4ll0k)
----------------------------------------

[ + ] Target: https://www.xxxxxxx.com
[ + ] Starting: 02:46:32

[ + ] Bruteforcing Login via XML-RPC...
[ i ] Setting user: test
[ + ] Valid Credentials:

-----------------------------
| Username | Passowrd |
-----------------------------
| test | kamperasqen13 |
-----------------------------

Scan plugin,theme and wordpress code
python3 wpseku.py --scan <dir/file> --verbose

Note: Testing Akismet Directory Plugin https://plugins.svn.wordpress.org/akismet
  • Output
----------------------------------------
_ _ _ ___ ___ ___| |_ _ _
| | | | . |_ -| -_| '_| | |
|_____| _|___|___|_,_|___|
|_| v0.4.0

WPSeku - Wordpress Security Scanner
by Momo Outaadi (m4ll0k)
----------------------------------------

[ + ] Checking PHP code...
[ + ] Scanning directory...
[ i ] Scanning trunk/class.akismet.php file
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Line | Possibile Vuln. | String |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 597 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['action']", b"$_GET['action']"] |
| 601 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['for']", b"$_GET['for']"] |
| 140 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['akismet_comment_nonce']", b"$_POST['akismet_comment_nonce']"] |
| 144 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['_ajax_nonce-replyto-comment']"] |
| 586 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['status']", b"$_POST['status']"] |
| 588 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['spam']", b"$_POST['spam']"] |
| 590 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['unspam']", b"$_POST['unspam']"] |
| 592 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['comment_status']", b"$_POST['comment_status']"] |
| 599 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['action']", b"$_POST['action']"] |
| 214 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']", b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']"] |
| 403 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT']", b"$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT']"] |
| 861 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']", b"$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']"] |
| 930 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']", b"$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']"] |
| 934 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']", b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']"] |
| 1349 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']"] |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ i ] Scanning trunk/wrapper.php file
[ + ] Not found vulnerabilities
[ i ] Scanning trunk/akismet.php file
-----------------------------------------------
| Line | Possibile Vuln. | String |
-----------------------------------------------
| 55 | Authorization Hole | [b'is_admin()'] |
-----------------------------------------------
[ i ] Scanning trunk/class.akismet-cli.php file
[ + ] Not found vulnerabilities
[ i ] Scanning trunk/class.akismet-widget.php file
[ + ] Not found vulnerabilities
[ i ] Scanning trunk/index.php file
[ + ] Not found vulnerabilities
[ i ] Scanning trunk/class.akismet-admin.php file
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Line | Possibile Vuln. | String |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 39 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['page']", b"$_GET['page']"] |
| 134 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['akismet_recheck']", b"$_GET['akismet_recheck']"] |
| 152 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['view']", b"$_GET['view']"] |
| 190 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['view']", b"$_GET['view']"] |
| 388 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['recheckqueue']"] |
| 841 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['view']", b"$_GET['view']"] |
| 843 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['view']", b"$_GET['view']"] |
| 850 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['action']"] |
| 851 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['action']"] |
| 852 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['_wpnonce']", b"$_GET['_wpnonce']"] |
| 868 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['token']", b"$_GET['token']"] |
| 869 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['token']"] |
| 873 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['action']"] |
| 874 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['action']"] |
| 1005 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['akismet_recheck_complete']"] |
| 1006 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['recheck_count']"] |
| 1007 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_GET['spam_count']"] |
| 31 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['action']", b"$_POST['action']"] |
| 256 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['_wpnonce']"] |
| 260 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b'$_POST[$option]', b'$_POST[$option]'] |
| 267 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['key']"] |
| 392 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['offset']", b"$_POST['offset']", b"$_POST['limit']", b"$_POST['limit']"] |
| 447 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['id']"] |
| 448 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['id']"] |
| 460 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['id']", b"$_POST['url']"] |
| 461 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['id']"] |
| 464 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_POST['url']"] |
| 388 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_REQUEST['action']", b"$_REQUEST['action']"] |
| 400 | Cross-Site Scripting | [b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']", b"$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']"] |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ i ] Scanning trunk/class.akismet-rest-api.php file
[ + ] Not found vulnerabilities

Credits and Contributors
Original idea and script from WPScan Team (https://wpscan.org/)
WPScan Vulnerability Database (https://wpvulndb.com/api)




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Social Engineering Pentest Professional(SEPP) Training Review

Intro:
I recently returned from the new Social Engineering training provided by Social-Engineer.org in the beautiful city of Seattle,WA, a state known for sparkly vampires, music and coffee shop culture.  As many of you reading this article, i also read the authors definitive book Social Engineering- The art of human hacking and routinely perform SE engagements for my clients. When i heard that the author of the aforementioned book was providing training i immediately signed up to get an in person glance at the content provided in the book. However, i was pleasantly surprised to find the course covered so much more then what was presented in the book.

Instructors:



I wasn't aware that there would be more then one instructor and was extremely happy with the content provided by both instructors. Chris and Robin both have a vast amount of knowledge and experience in the realm of social engineering.  Each instructor brought a different angle and use case scenario to the course content. Robin is an FBI agent in charge of behavioral analysis and uses social engineering in his daily life and work to get the results needed to keep our country safe. Chris uses social engineering in his daily work to help keep his clients secure and provides all sorts of free learning material to the information security community through podcasts and online frameworks.



Course Material and Expectation: 
I originally thought that the material covered in class would be a live reiteration of the material covered in Chris's book. However, I couldn't have been more wrong !!  The whole first day was about reading yourself and other people, much of the material was what Robin uses to train FBI agents in eliciting information from possible terrorist threats. Each learning module was based on live demo's, nightly labs, and constant classroom interaction. Each module was in depth and the level of interaction between students was extremely useful and friendly. I would say the instructors had as much fun as the students learning and sharing social techniques and war stories.
The class was heavily made up of ways to elicit personal and confidential information in a way that left the individuatial "Happier for having met you".  Using language, body posture and social truisms as your weapon to gather information, not intended for your ears, but happily leaving the tongue of your target.
Other class activities and materials included an in depth look at micro expressions with labs and free extended learning material going beyond the allotted classroom days.  Also break out sessions which focused on creating Phone and Phishing scripts to effectively raise your rate of success. These sessions were invaluable at learning to use proper language techniques on the phone and in email to obtain your objectives.

Nightly Missions/Labs: 
If you think that you are going to relax at night with a beer. Think again!! You must ensure that your nights are free, as you will be going on missions to gain information from live targets at venues of your choice.  Each night you will have a partner and a mission to gain certain information while making that persons day better then it started.  The information  you are requested to obtain will change each night and if done properly you will notice all of the material in class starting to unfold.. When you get to body language training you will notice which targets are open and when its best to go in for the kill. You will see interactions change based on a persons change in posture and facial expressions. Each day you will take the new techniques you have learned and put them into practice. Each morning you have to report your findings to the class..
During my nightly labs i obtained information such as door codes to secured research facilities, information regarding secret yet to be released projects.  On the lighter side of things i obtained much personal information from my targets along with phone numbers and invitations for further hangouts and events. I made many new friends inside and outside of class.
There were also labs within the confines of the classroom such as games used to solidify your knowledge and tests to figure out what kind of learner you are. Technical labs on the use of information gathering tools and ways to use phone and phishing techniques to your advantage via linguistically and technologically. Essentially the class was about 60% interaction and labs.


Proof it works:
After class i immediately had a phishing and phone based contract at my current employment. I used the email and phone scripts that we created in class with 100% click rate and 100% success in phone elicitation techniques. Gaining full unfettered access to networks through phone and email elicitation and interaction. Although I do generally have a decent SE success rate, my rates on return are now much higher and an understanding of what works and what doesn't, and why are much more refined.


Conclusion and Certification:
I paid for this class out of pocket, including all expenses, hotels, rentals cars and planes etc etc. I would say that the class was worth every penny in which i paid for it. Many extras were given including black hat passes, extended training from notable sources and continued interaction from instructors after class ended. I would highly recommend this class to anyone looking for a solid foundation in social engineering or a non technical alternative to training.  You will learn a lot, push yourself in new ways and have a blast doing it. However I did not see any sparkly vampires while in seattle.... Twilight lied to me LOL
The certification is a 48 hour test in which you will utilize your knowledge gained technologically and socially to breach a company.I am not going to give away to much information about the certification as i haven't taken it yet and I do not want to misspeak on the subject. However I will say that social-engineer.org has done an excellent job at figuring out a way to include Real World Social Engineering into a test with verifiable proof of results. I am going to take my test in a couple weeks and it should be a blast!!!

Thanks and I hope this review is helpful to all those looking for SE training.  I had a blast :) :)

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